Jijamata Udyaan

Jijamata Udyaan, also widely recognized as Victoria Gardens and the Byculla Zoo, stands as Mumbai's oldest public garden. Located in the heart of Byculla, this significant green space covers a total of 50 acres. Its history dates back to 1835 when land was granted for a botanical garden, which eventually evolved into the current park and zoo.

History and Development

The origins of Jijamata Udyaan trace back to 1835 when the British administration designated land for the Agro Horticultural Society of Western India to establish a botanical garden named Victoria Gardens, in honor of Queen-Empress Victoria. This initial site in Sewri was later repurposed, leading to the development of a new garden. In 1861, construction began on a 33-acre plot in Mazgaon's Mount Estate, and the flora from the Sewri garden was transferred to this new location. The garden was formally opened to the public by Lady Frere on November 19, 1862. The Agro Horticultural Society managed the gardens until 1873, after which the municipal corporation assumed responsibility. An expansion in 1890 added 15 acres specifically for the development of a zoo.

Notable Features and Architecture

Jijamata Udyaan is distinguished as the only green space in Mumbai to feature Palladian style architecture. Within its grounds, visitors can find the Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum, a staff building constructed in the Greco-Roman style in memory of Lady Frere, an equestrian statue of King Edward VII crafted from black marble, and the David Sassoon clock tower. These elements contribute to the historical and aesthetic richness of the park.

Renaming and Significance

Following India's independence, the garden was officially renamed Jijamata Udyaan in honor of Jijamata, the mother of Shivaji, the first Maratha emperor. Despite the official renaming, the original name, Victoria Gardens, remains popularly used. The zoo and garden are a vital recreational and historical asset to the city of Mumbai.