Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden

Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden (KFBG), formerly known as Kadoorie Experimental and Extension Farm, is a significant institution in Hong Kong dedicated to nature conservation, holistic education, and promoting sustainable living. Established in 1956 by the Kadoorie Agricultural Aid Association, its initial purpose was to support poor farmers in the New Territories through agricultural training and assistance. Over time, KFBG has evolved its mission to prioritize the promotion of biodiversity conservation in Hong Kong and southern China, alongside fostering greater environmental awareness among the public.

History and Evolution

The foundation of KFBG was laid by the Kadoorie brothers, Lord Lawrence Kadoorie and Sir Horace Kadoorie, who founded the Kadoorie Agricultural Aid Association in 1951. The association aimed to empower individuals by helping them help themselves through training and financial support. The experimental farm was established in 1956 at Pak Ngau Shek to serve as a center for demonstrating improved agricultural practices, livestock breeding, and farmer training. A pivotal moment in KFBG's history occurred on January 20, 1995, when the Legislative Council passed an ordinance establishing the Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Corporation. This legislative action ushered in a new era focused on flora and fauna conservation, organic agriculture, creative education, and sustainability, with the overarching goal of harmonizing human relationships with the environment.

Conservation and Education Programs

KFBG operates a comprehensive range of conservation and education programs. Its Education Department conducts initiatives such as tree planting, wildlife habitat improvement, art and environment workshops, and outreach programs for schools and the community. There is a growing emphasis on holistic education, encouraging visitors to deepen their connection with nature through artistic expression, introspection, mindfulness, and compassion. The Sustainable Living & Agriculture Department works to support community transitions by developing viable economic opportunities within the food system and actively strives to reduce its own operational ecological footprint.

The institution runs various biodiversity conservation programs. The Ecological Advisory Programme, launched in 1998, provides guidance to government bodies, environmental NGOs, villagers, consultants, academics, and private developers to advocate for conservation-friendly policies and practices. The Fauna and Flora Conservation Departments are involved in wildlife rescue, ex-situ breeding and propagation, and educational projects. KFBG aims to integrate its objectives for biodiversity, ecosystem services, and education across its 150-hectare estate.

Mainland China Initiatives

Conservation efforts have been extended to Mainland China since 1998. Following initial surveys in Guangdong and Guangxi in 1997, the KFBG China Programme (now Kadoorie Conservation China) initiated collaborative biodiversity assessments in nature reserves in Hainan, Guangxi, and Guangdong. These assessments have resulted in reports detailing the distribution, status, and threats to regional wildlife. The program also serves as a communication platform for forest conservation stakeholders in southern China through its "Living Forests" magazine and website. Since 2000, the program's focus has shifted towards assisting protected-area authorities and communities with the conservation of key sites and species, particularly in Hainan and Guangxi. A significant undertaking involves the conservation of the Hainan gibbon, believed to be the rarest ape globally, at its last known habitat in Hainan Bawangling National Nature Reserve. KFBG has been involved in these conservation efforts since 2003.