Gap of Dunloe

Overview

The Gap of Dunloe, known in Irish as Dún Lóich ('Lóich's stronghold') or Bearna an Choimín ('gap of the commonage' or 'gap of the little hollow'), is a prominent narrow mountain pass located in County Kerry, Ireland. This dramatic natural feature serves as a scenic boundary, separating the MacGillycuddy's Reeks mountain range to its west from the Purple Mountain Group range to its east. Its breathtaking landscapes have made it one of Ireland's most popular tourist destinations.

Formation and Geography

The formation of the Gap of Dunloe is attributed to glacial activity during the last ice age, approximately 25,000 years ago. A substantial glacier, estimated to be over 500 meters deep, originating from the Black Valley and part of the Templenoe Icecap, breached the Head of the Gap and carved out a distinctive U-shaped valley as it advanced northward. The pass lies predominantly on Old Red Sandstone geological formations.

The north-south oriented pass features a public road that runs from Kate Kearney's Cottage in the north to Lord Brandon's Cottage in the Black Valley to the south. The highest point along this route is the Head of the Gap, reaching an elevation of 241 meters (791 feet). The road itself spans approximately 11 kilometers (7 miles) with a total elevation change of 200 meters (650 feet). Within the confines of the Gap, a series of five interconnected lakes – Coosaun Lough, Black Lake, Cushnavally Lake, Auger Lake, and Black Lough – are linked by the River Loe. Notable landmarks within the pass include the Wishing Bridge, situated between Coosaun Lough and Black Lake, and several stone bridges that serve as lookout points.

Access and Activities

The road through the Gap of Dunloe is a public thoroughfare managed by Kerry County Council. While accessible by car, the road becomes narrow and winding, presenting challenges for passing vehicles and raising safety concerns, particularly for cyclists. The Gap is a hub for outdoor activities, including popular hill walking routes along the mountain ranges flanking the pass. Rock climbing is also practiced, with numerous routes graded for various skill levels on the Old Red Sandstone cliffs. Bouldering is another recognized activity within the area, with specific crags noted for their climbing challenges.

Naming and History

The name 'Dunloe' is believed to be an anglicisation of the Irish term 'Dún Lóich', signifying 'fort or stronghold of Lóich'. The River Loe, which flows through the valley, shares this etymological origin. According to Irish historical texts such as the Annals of Clonmacnois and the Lebor Gabála Érenn, Deala Mac Lóich was the father of five chieftains of the Fir Bolg who conquered Ireland. The Fir Bolg are recorded as having ruled Ireland for 37 years before their defeat by the Tuatha Dé Danann. The Gap has long been a destination for visitors, with informal traditions surrounding the Wishing Bridge suggesting that wishes made there will come true.