Horned parakeet

The horned parakeet (Eunymphicus cornutus) is a striking parrot species endemic to New Caledonia. It is notable for its distinctive pair of black crest feathers, tipped with red, which protrude from its head, giving it its common name. Adults typically measure around 32 cm in length and are predominantly green, accented with a yellowish nape, a black and red face, and bluish wings and tail.

Distribution and Habitat

This species is exclusively found on the island of New Caledonia. Its preferred natural habitats include rainforests and laurel forests, though it can also adapt to scrublands and savannahs. It shows a particular affinity for humid pine forests, especially those featuring Agathis and Araucaria pines.

Behavior and Diet

Horned parakeets are observed foraging in small family groups or as pairs. Their diet in the wild consists primarily of nuts and seeds, which they seek out in the forest canopy. They are known to emit a nasal contact call described as "kho-khoot," alongside a variety of shrieks and chuckles.

Breeding

Uncommonly among parrots, horned parakeets have been documented to share nesting sites. They construct their nests on or near the ground, within hollowed-out logs, or in cavities found in dead trees. A typical clutch consists of two to four eggs. The incubation period, observed in captivity, lasts approximately 21 to 22 days, with fledging occurring about five to six weeks after hatching.

Conservation Status

Classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN, the horned parakeet faces threats from habitat loss, introduced species like the black rat and wildcat, and disease, including Psittacine beak and feather disease. International trade is prohibited under CITES Appendix I, and the species is fully protected by New Caledonian law, reflecting concerns over its restricted range and declining population size.