Kanlıdivane

Kanlıdivane, historically known as Canytelis and later as Neapolis, is an ancient city situated in Mersin Province, Turkey. The settlement is notably built around a large and dramatic sinkhole. Archaeological surveys and excavations have revealed extensive ruins that speak to its long and varied history.

Geography and Geology

The sinkhole at Kanlıdivane is a prominent geological feature, measuring approximately 130 meters in its longest dimension and reaching a depth of about 70 meters. The site is located in the rural area of the Erdemli district, at an altitude of roughly 230 meters above sea level. Its proximity to the coastal town of Kumkuyu and the Çanakçı rock tombs places it within a region rich in historical and natural landmarks.

Historical Context

Kanlıdivane boasts a history stretching back to antiquity. It was once a part of the Olba Kingdom, during which Queen Aba commissioned a mausoleum for her family, and inscriptions indicate dedications to Zeus. By the 1st century AD, the region came under Roman influence. During the Byzantine era, Emperor Theodosius II re-established the city as a Christian religious center, renaming it Neapolis. The surrounding area contains remnants of basilicas, cisterns, and rock-cut graves, illustrating its development through different civilizations.

The modern Turkish name, Kanlıdivane, translates to 'bloody crazy'. This name is thought to derive from the distinctive red color of the surrounding soil or, alternatively, from a grim legend suggesting that criminals were executed by being thrown into the sinkhole during Roman times.

Cultural Significance

Today, Kanlıdivane serves not only as an archaeological site but also as a unique venue for cultural events. Annually, the Mersin International Music Festival features outdoor concerts held within the sinkhole, with performers and audiences positioned on opposite sides, creating a memorable experience against the backdrop of ancient history and natural wonder.